ACSM Personal Trainer Certification Practice Exam

During an oblique twist, which type of movement is primarily involved?

1. Spinal extension

2. Spinal rotation and flexion

3. Shoulder abduction

4. Knee flexion

The correct answer is: Spinal rotation and flexion

The primary movement involved during an oblique twist is spinal rotation and flexion. This exercise specifically targets the oblique muscles of the abdomen, which are responsible for the twisting motion and lateral flexion of the spine. When performing an oblique twist, the trunk rotates around the spine, engaging the obliques to create the rotational force. Simultaneously, there may be some flexion from the engagement of the abdominal muscles, particularly if the movement is performed with the torso being slightly bent forward. This combination of spinal rotation and flexion is essential for effectively working the muscles of the core during the twist. Other movements listed, such as spinal extension and shoulder abduction, do not play a significant role in the oblique twist. Spinal extension involves straightening the spine after it has been flexed, while shoulder abduction relates to moving the arm away from the body, which is not part of the twisting action. Similarly, knee flexion involves bending at the knee joint, which is unrelated to the twisting motion occurring in the trunk during this exercise.